Motion and twisting of magnetic particles ingested by alveolar macrophages in the human lung: effect of smoking and disease

Table 1 Age, cumulative cigarette smoke consumption, and lung function data of all subjects of the study.

	Healthy	SAR	IPF	COB
AGE (years)	54 +/- 7	48 +/- 14	49 +/- 15	60 +/- 8
NS/S/XS	9/8/0	10/2/3	5/4/3	1/3/14
Pack-years (PY)	49 +/- 18	18 +/- 13	15 +/- 6	40 +/- 25
FEV1 (%pred.)	105 +/- 15	93 +/- 15 (*)	82 +/- 23 (*)	72 +/- 28 (**)
FEV1/VC (%pred.)	91 +/- 10	94 +/- 6 (ns)	94 +/- 15 (ns)	69 +/- 19 (**)
R_AW (kPaL^-1s^-1)	0.22 +/- 0.08	0.16 +/- 0.1 (ns)	0.22 +/- 0.14 (ns)	0.28 +/- 0.16 (ns)
RV % TLC	32 +/- 6	33 +/- 6 (ns)	37 +/- 12 (ns)	45 +/- 10 (**)
TGV (%pred.)	112 +/- 25	89 +/- 23 (*)	91 +/- 33 (ns)	119 +/- 34 (ns)
VC (%pred.)	118 +/- 13	102 +/- 17 (**)	86 +/- 19 (**)	103 +/- 25 (ns)
MEF₇₅ (%pred.)	107 +/- 35	92 +/- 17 (ns)	90 +/- 45 (ns)	52 +/- 37 (**)
MEF₅₀ (%pred.)	82 +/- 27	75 +/- 24 (ns)	71 +/- 40 (ns)	32 +/- 25 (**)
MEF₂₅ (%pred.)	62 +/- 27	48 +/- 22 (ns)	51 +/- 27 (ns)	22 +/- 18 (**)
T_L,CO (%pred.)	107 +/- 33	98 +/- 14 (ns)	82 +/- 13 (**)	92 +/- 21 (ns)

Relative values of lung function parameters are given as a percentage of predicted values (% pred., [27]). Values are presented as mean +/- SD. Healthy: healthy subjects, age 40 – 65 years, SAR: patients with sarcoidosis, IPF: patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, COB: patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis. FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in one second, VC: vital capacity, R_aw: airway resistance, RV: residual volume, TLC: total lung capacity, TGV: thoracic gas volume, MEF₂₅, MEF₅₀, MEF₇₅: maximal expiratory flow at 25, 50 and 75% of VC, respectively, T_L,CO: transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide; ns: not significant; *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01.